Signs & Symptoms of Sarcopenia: What You and Your Caregiver Need to Know

(NewsUSA) - As we age, maintaining physical fitness and the ability to move our body easily becomes more important to our overall well-being. However, an often-overlooked condition known as sarcopenia can gradually lower individuals’ muscle mass and strength without obvious warning.

Sarcopenia is the loss of muscle and strength that can happen when someone gets older. This can lead to weakness, decreased ability to move, and a higher risk of falls and broken bones. Although aging is a risk factor, others include poor nutrition and lack of physical activity. Some chronic illnesses and hormonal changes, such as those that occur with menopause, may also lead to higher risk of sarcopenia.

Recognizing the signs and symptoms of sarcopenia is key for early intervention to maintain quality of life and independence. Unexplained muscle weakness, lower endurance, or having a hard time with everyday activities might be signs that it’s time to take action.

Being aware of sarcopenia is important for individuals who care for family members or friends, as they are often the first to notice changes in strength, ability to move, and overall well-being. Caregivers can help get timely medical consultations and interventions.

Some of the common signs and symptoms of sarcopenia include:

• Muscle Weakness: An early and often noticeable symptom of sarcopenia is decreased muscle strength. Tasks that were once easy, such as lifting things, climbing stairs, or even standing up from a chair, may become challenging.
• Loss of Muscle Mass: An easy-to-see decrease in muscle size, particularly in the arms and legs, is a common sign of sarcopenia.
• Reduced Energy and Endurance: Adults with sarcopenia may report a lack of energy and decreased ability to do physical activity. Activities that involve sustained physical effort, like grocery shopping or gardening, may lead to faster exhaustion.
• Difficulty with Balance and Coordination: As muscle strength and function decline, balance and coordination may also be affected. The risk of falls increases and can lead to broken bones, which may decrease mobility further and impact overall health.
• Slower Walking Speed: An easy-to-see reduction in walking speed and a shuffling gait may be signs of sarcopenia.

“If a person notices any of the signs and symptoms of sarcopenia, they or their caregiver should seek professional medical help,” advises Dr. Dorothy Fink, Deputy Assistant Secretary for Women’s Health. “A health care provider can perform a thorough evaluation, including physical examinations, muscle strength tests, and imaging studies, to diagnose sarcopenia. An accurate diagnosis is the first step towards effectively addressing sarcopenia.”

Once diagnosed, you and your health care provider can create a treatment plan tailored to your specific needs. This may include strength training activities and nutritional advice to help keep and rebuild muscle and strength.

For more information on the signs and symptoms and ways to help address sarcopenia, visit the Stronger than Sarcopenia campaign webpage, provided by the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, Office on Women's Health: www.womenshealth.gov/sarcopenia.